Nicoletta Pavesi

Il volume è frutto del percorso di ricerca che ha coinvolto un gruppo di studiosi riuniti in una Rete Interuniversitaria con l’obiettivo di offrire una proposta innovativa del sistema di welfare italiano.

This paper explanes the relationship between using ICT in healthcare and the empowerment of the citizens, with a particular attention to the case of Lombardia, which from a lot of time is increasing the use of ICT in health. This paper considers in particular the Electronic Health Record, very important component of the healthcare system in Lombardia. The use of the EHR is coherent with the perspective of improving the participation of the citizen in caring personal wellbeing, through the increasing of personal empowerment in the professional logic, in the consumer logic and in the community logic. However, there are still some difficulties in the dissemination of the use of ICT in health, particularly difficulties like the technological and cultural digital divide, which are discussed in the paper.

The Phenomenology says that every knowledge is a perspective knowledge, because every knowledge is situated in a time and in a space. The human’s embodiment discloses a perspective overview on the world. The paper claims the aim to analyze how the sexual and gender dimensions, which are incarnated in a determinate body, are present in the qualitative research, specifically into the ethnographic observation. First for all, we hypothesize that the gender is a border for the access into a field and not in other, so to be man or woman is not neutral for the knowledge of a specific social context. Moreover, the performative dimension of the gender, which shows the norms that pre-exist and that conduct the role’s interaction (i.e. the role’s gendered content and the role’s gendered language) is another tie in the participant observation. The awareness that all the knowledge is gendered, requires to the fieldworker to play a double competence (ability). The researcher must use the self reflexivity to point out his gender identity and his background on this theme: he must point out his background frame relatively to the gender, his gender behaviour’s expectations in the interaction, and his correlated opinions. The researcher, moreover, must know that exist a cultural mainstream about the gender, but that the concrete gender playing is based on the interaction in a concrete frame. So, we have a lot of concrete ways in which the gender is embodied. The researcher on the field, so, must enter in a knowledge’s circulation in which must point attention to: the epistemic interdependence, i.e. the knowledge borns in the symbolic interaction between the researcher and the subject; the gendered nature of the communicative interaction between the researcher and the subject; the negotiable nature of the concrete managing of the gendered role in the interaction.