Immagini-souvenir da mondi devastati. Il fenomeno dei tour turistici nei territori del post-trauma
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RÉSUMÉ
Ces dernières années il y a eu une tendance de plus en plus diffusée à participer à des visites et des excursions organisées par les tour-operators pour explorer certaines zones dévastées par la guerre (Sarajevo, Auschwitz) ou par des catastrophes naturelles et nucléaires (New Orleans et Chernobyl). Ce phénomène est lié à une réelle nécrophilie de la trace, qui pousse le touriste-voyeur, habitué aux images des médias de plus en plus sanglantes et violentes, à activer un premier contact avec les tragédies du passé, à sympathiser fatalement à la fois avec victimes et bourreaux, tous les deux protagonistes de ces événements. En travaillant sur des productions hétérogènes (l’oeuvre vidéo-artistique War Tourist de Emmanuel Licha et quelques vidéos amateuriel postées sur YouTube), cet essai permettra d’identifier la signification de ces représentations, capables non seulement de traduire en images l’expérience d’un voyage à la frontière entre commémoration et profanation, mais aussi d’établir un équilibre précaire entre proximité et distance, dans l’appropriation des signes d’une réalité marquée par une irréductible différence avec l’univers rassurant des touristes. SUMMARY In recent years there has been an increasing tendency to participate in tours, guided and organized by tour operators, to explore some areas devastated by war (Sarajevo, Auschwitz) or by natural and nuclear disasters (New Orleans and Chernobyl). This phenomenon is intertwined with real trace necrophilia, pushing the tourist-voyeur, now accustomed to increasingly bloody and violent media images, to enable on one side a first contact with the tragedies of the past, on the other to fatally empathize with both victims and perpetrators, protagonists of those events. Working on diverse productions (the video-artistic work War Tourist by Emmanuel Licha and some homemade videos posted on YouTube), this essay will identify the meaning of such representations, which not only translate into images the experience of a trip to the border between commemoration and desecration, but also establish a precarious balance between proximity and distance in the appropriation of the signs of reality, marked by an irreducible difference with the reassuring universe of tourists |
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